Colombia Study & Guide - AllRefer - Colombia Information

* COUNTRY PROFILE
o COUNTRY
o GEOGRAPHY
o SOCIETY
o ECONOMY
o TRANSPORTATION AND COMMUNICATIONS
o GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS
o NATIONAL SECURITY
* INTRODUCTION
* Historical Setting
o THE SPANISH CONQUEST
+ The Pre-Columbian Era
+ Exploration and Conquest
o COLONIAL SOCIETY, 1550-1810
+ Colonial Administration
+ The Colonial Economy
+ The Colonial Church
+ Developments Leading to Independence
o THE FOUNDING OF THE NATION, 1810-1903
+ The Independence Movement
+ Gran Colombia
+ New Granada
+ Consolidation of Political Divisions
# The Federalists
# The Nationalists
o THE PERIOD OF RECONCILIATION, 1903-30
+ The Reyes Presidency
+ Economic and Social Change
o THE REFORMIST PERIOD, 1930-45
o COLLAPSE OF THE DEMOCRATIC SYSTEM, 1946-58
+ La Violencia
+ The Rojas Pinilla Dictatorship
o THE NATIONAL FRONT, 1958-74
+ Instituting the Coalition Government
+ Opposition to the National Front
+ Dismantling the Coalition Apparatus
o THE POST-NATIONAL FRONT PERIOD, 1974-82
+ The Erosion of Partisan Affiliations
+ The Liberal Tenure
* The Society and Its Environment
o PHYSICAL SETTING
+ Geographic Regions
# Andean Highlands
# Caribbean Lowlands
# Pacific Lowlands
# Eastern Colombia
+ Climate
o POPULATION AND URBANIZATION
+ Population Trends
+ Urbanization, Migration, and Immigration
o RACE AND ETHNICITY
+ Historical Development
+ Contemporary Trends
o SOCIAL CLASS
+ Upper Class
+ Middle Class
+ The Lower Class and the Masses
o FAMILY LIFE
o INCOME DISTRIBUTION
+ Rural Wages
+ Urban Wages
o HEALTH AND WELFARE
+ General Indicators of Health
+ The Politics of Health: Priorities, Institutions, and Public Policy
+ National Health Care System
+ Social Security
o RELIGION
+ The Church in Society
+ Trends Within the Church since the 1940s
o EDUCATION
+ Historical Background
+ Administration and Finance
+ Primary Education
+ Secondary and University Education
+ Resource Allocation
o DRUGS AND SOCIETY
* The Economy
o GROWTH AND STRUCTURE OF THE ECONOMY
o MACROECONOMIC TRENDS
+ Economic Growth
+ Inflation and Unemployment
+ The Labor Movement
o ROLE OF THE GOVERNMENT IN THE ECONOMY
+ Fiscal and Monetary Policy
+ Parastatal Management
o AGRICULTURE
+ Crops
+ Livestock
+ Forestry and Fishing
o MINING AND ENERGY
+ Coal
+ Petroleum
o INDUSTRY
o SERVICES
+ Banking
+ Tourism
+ Utilities
+ Transportation and Communications
o FOREIGN ECONOMIC RELATIONS
+ Foreign Trade
+ Direction of Trade
+ Balance of Payments
+ Foreign Debt
* Government and Politics
o THE GOVERNMENTAL SYSTEM
+ Constitutional Development
+ The Executive
+ The Legislature
+ The Judiciary
+ Public Administration
+ Local Government
+ The Electoral System
o POLITICAL DYNAMICS
+ Traditional Parties
+ Factionalism
+ Minor Third Parties
+ Post-National Front Political Developments
+ Interest Groups
# The Military
# The Church
# Economic Associations
# Labor Unions
# Students
+ News Media
o FOREIGN RELATIONS
+ Relations with the United States
+ Relations with Latin America
+ Relations with World Organizations
+ Relations with Communist Countries
+ Relations with Other Nations
+ Foreign Policy Decision Making
* National Security
o BACKGROUND AND TRADITIONS OF THE ARMED FORCES
+ Historical Background
+ The Development of the Modern Armed Forces
# Professionalization Efforts
# The Leticia Conflict
# The Establishment of United States Military Ties
# The Legacy of La Violencia
# Civic Action, Counterinsurgency, and Internal Security
+ Foreign Military Influence
+ Geopolitical Interests
# Isla de San Andr�s and Isla de Providencia
# The Golfo de Venezuela and Islas Los Monjes
+ The Political Role of the Armed Forces
o CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS AND TREATY OBLIGATIONS
+ Constitutional Authority and the Legal Basis of the Armed Forces
+ Treaty Obligations
o THE ORGANIZATION OF THE ARMED FORCES
+ The Command Structure
+ Operational Command, Deployment, and Equipment
# The National Army
# The National Navy
# The Colombian Air Force
+ Military Expenditures
+ Conscription and Military Service
+ The Military Education System
+ Uniforms, Ranks, and Insignia
o THE NATIONAL POLICE AND LAW ENFORCEMENT AUTHORITIES
o INTERNAL SECURITY PROBLEMS
+ Guerrilla and Terrorist Groups
# The Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia
# The 19th of April Movement
# The National Liberation Army
# The Popular Liberation Army
+ Narcotics Control and Interdiction
o CRIME AND PUNISHMENT
+ Crime and Political Violence
+ The Penal System
* Appendix. Tables
* Glossary