Ethiopia Study & Guide - AllRefer - Ethiopia Information

* Country Profile
o COUNTRY
o GEOGRAPHY
o SOCIETY
o ECONOMY
o TRANSPORTATION AND COMMUNICATIONS
o GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS
o NATIONAL SECURITY
* Introduction
* Historical Setting
o Origins and the Early Periods
+ Early Populations and Neighboring States
+ The Aksumite State
+ Ethiopia and the Early Islamic Period
+ The Zagwe Dynasty
+ The "Restoration" of the "Solomonic" Line
+ Amhara Ascendancy
o The Trials of the Christian Kingdom and the Decline of Imperial Power
+ Growth of Regional Muslim States
+ Oromo Migrations and Their Impact
+ Contact with European Christendom
o The Making of Modern Ethiopia
+ The Reestablishment of the Ethiopian Monarchy
+ From Tewodros II to Menelik II, 1855-89
+ The Reign of Menelik II, 1889-1913
+ The Interregnum
+ Haile Selassie: The Prewar Period, 1930-36
o Italian Rule and World War II
+ Italian Administration in Eritrea
+ Mussolini's Invasion and the Italian Occupation
+ Ethiopia in World War II
o The Postwar Period, 1945-60: Reform and Opposition
+ Change and Resistance
+ Administrative Change and the 1955 Constitution
+ The Attempted Coup of 1960 and Its Aftermath
o Growth of Secessionist Threats
+ The Liberation Struggle in Eritrea
+ Discontent in Tigray
+ The Ogaden and the Haud
o Revolution and Military Government
+ Background to Revolution, 1960-74
+ The Establishment of the Derg
+ The Struggle for Power, 1974-77
+ Ethiopia's Road to Socialism
o The Mengistu Regime and Its Impact
+ Political Struggles Within the Government
+ War in the Ogaden and the Turn to the Soviet Union
+ Eritrean and Tigrayan Insurgencies
+ Social and Political Changes
o Ethiopia in Crisis: Famine and Its Aftermath,1984-88
+ Famine and Economic Collapse
+ Government Defeats in Eritrea and Tigray
+ The People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
+ Changes in Soviet Policy and New International Horizons
* The Society and Its Environment
o Physical Setting
+ Boundaries: International and Administrative
+ Topography and Drainage
+ Climate
o Population
+ Size, Distribution, and Growth
+ Urbanization
+ Resettlement and Villagization
o Refugees, Drought, and Famine
o Ethiopia's Peoples
+ Ethnic Groups, Ethnicity, and Language
# Ethio-Semitic Language Groups
# Cushitic Language Groups
# Omotic Language Groups
# Nilo-Saharan Language Groups
# Occupational Castes
+ Ethnic and Social Relations
# Interethnic Relations
# Social Relations
o Social System
+ Rural Society
+ Urban Society
+ The Role of Women
o Religious Life
+ Demography and Geography of Religious Affiliation
+ Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity
# Organization of the Church and the Clergy
# Faith and Practice
+ Islam
# Basic Teachings of Islam
# Local Character of Belief and Practice
+ Indigenous Religions
+ Foreign Missions
o Education
+ Education During Imperial Rule
+ Primary and Secondary Education since 1975
+ Higher and Vocational Education since 1975
+ Literacy
+ Foreign Educational Assistance
o Health and Welfare
* The Economy
o Growth and Structure of the Economy
+ Developments up to l974
+ Postrevolution Period
o Role of Government
+ The Budgetary Process
+ Revenue and Expenditures
+ Banking and Monetary Policy
o Labor Force
+ Unemployment
+ Labor Unions
+ Wages and Prices
o Agriculture
+ Land Use and Land Reform
# Land Use
# Land Reform
+ Government Rural Programs
# Peasant Associations and Rural Devlopment
# Cooperatives and State Farms
# Resettlement and Villagization
+ Agricultural Production
# Major Cash Crops
# Major Staple Crops
# Livestock
# Fishing
# Forestry
# Government Marketing Operations
o Industry and Energy
+ Manufacturing
+ Industrial Development Policy
+ Energy Resources
+ Mining
o Transportation and Telecommunications
+ Roads
+ Railroads
+ Ports
+ Air Transport
+ Telecommunications
o Foreign Trade
+ Exports
+ Imports
+ Balance of Payments and Foreign Assistance
o Economic Prospects
* Government and Politics
o The Workers' Party of Ethiopia
+ Toward Party Formation
+ The Vanguard Party
o The 1987 Constitution
+ The Social Order
+ Citizenship, Freedoms, Rights, and Duties
+ National Shengo (National Assembly)
+ Council of State
+ The President
+ Council of Ministers
+ Judicial System
o Regional and Local Government
+ Regional Administration
+ Peasant Associations
+ Kebeles
o Civil Service
o The Politics of Development
+ The Politics of Drought and Famine
+ The Politics of Resettlement
+ The Politics of Villagization
o Political Dynamics
+ Political Participation and Repression
+ The Eritrean Movement
# Eritrea and the Imperial Regime
# Eritrea and the Mengistu Regime
+ The Tigrayan Movement
+ Other Movements and Fronts
# Oromo Groups
# Afar Groups
# Somali Groups
# Leftist Groups
+ Regime Stability and Peace Negotiations
o Mass Media
o Foreign Policy
+ Diplomacy and State Building in Imperial Ethiopia
+ The Foreign Policy of the Derg
+ The Derg, the Soviet Union, and the Communist World
+ The Derg and the West
+ Ethiopia's Border Politics
+ Addis Ababa and the Middle East
o The Demise of the Military Government
* National Security
o Military Tradition in National Life
o The Armed Forces
+ The 1987 Constitution and the Armed Forces
+ Command and Force Structure
+ Army
+ Air Force
+ Navy
+ People's Militia
+ Training
+ Morale and Discipline
+ Manpower Considerations
+ Defense Costs
o Foreign Military Assistance
+ United States
+ Soviet Union
+ Cuba
+ East Germany
+ North Korea
+ Israel
o External and Internal Opponents
+ The Eritreans
+ The Tigray
+ The Oromo
+ The Somali
o Public Order and Internal Security
+ The National Police
+ People's Protection Brigades
o Crime and Punishment
+ The Legal System
+ Prisons
o Human Rights
* Appendix. Tables
* Glossary