India Study & Guide - AllRefer

* Table A. Selected Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Full Party Names
* Table B. Chronology of Important Events
* Country Profile
o Country
o Geography
o Society
o Economy
o Transportation and Telecommunications
o Government and Politics
o National Security
* Introduction
* Historical Setting
o Antecedents
+ Harappan Culture
+ Vedic Aryans
o Kingdoms and Empires
+ The Mauryan Empire
+ The Deccan and the South
o The Classical Age
+ Gupta and Harsha
+ The Southern Rivals
o The Delhi Sultanate
+ The Coming of Islam
+ Southern Dynasties
o The Mughal Era
+ The Mughals
+ The Marathas
+ The Sikhs
+ The Coming of the Europeans
o The British Empire in India
+ Company Rule, 1757-1857
+ The British Raj, 1858-1947
# Sepoy Rebellion, 1857-59
# Post-Rebellion Developments
o The Independence Movement
+ Origins of the Congress and the Muslim League
+ War, Reforms, and Agitation
+ Mahatma Gandhi
+ Political Impasse and Independence
o Independent India
+ National Integration
+ Nehru's Legacy
+ The Rise of Indira Gandhi
+ Rajiv Gandhi
* Geographic and Demographic Setting
o Geography
+ Principal Regions
# Indo-Gangetic Plain
# The Himalayas
# The Peninsula
# Offshore Islands
# Coasts and Borders
+ Rivers
+ Climate
+ Earthquakes
o Population
+ Structure and Dynamics
+ Population Projections
+ Population and Family Planning Policy
o Health
+ Health Conditions
# Life Expectancy and Mortality
# Communicable and Noncommunicable Diseases
# Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
+ Health Care
# Role of the Government
# Expenditures
# Primary Services
o Education
+ Administration and Funding
+ Primary and Secondary Education
+ Colleges and Universities
+ Education and Society
* Religious Life
o The Roots of Indian Religion
+ The Vedas and Polytheism
+ Karma and Liberation
o The Monastic Path
+ Jainism
+ Buddhism
+ The Tradition of the Enlightened Master
o The Worship of Personal Gods
+ Vishnu
+ Shiva
+ Brahma and the Hindu Trinity
+ The Goddess
+ Local Deities
o The Ceremonies of Hinduism
+ Domestic Worship
+ Life-Cycle Rituals
+ Public Worship
# Temples
# Pilgrimage
# Festivals
o Islam
+ Origins and Tenets
+ Islamic Traditions in South Asia
o Sikhism
+ Early History and Tenets
+ Twentieth-Century Developments
o Other Minority Religions
+ Tribal Religions
+ Christianity
+ Zoroastrianism
+ Judaism
o Modern Transformations
* Language, Ethnicity, and Regionalism
o Linguistic Relations
+ Diversity, Use, and Policy
+ Languages of India
+ Hindi and English
# Hindi
# English
+ Linguistic States
+ The Social Context of Language
o Ethnic Minorities
+ Tribes
# Composition and Location
# Economic and Political Conditions
# Practices
+ Descendants of Foreign Groups
# Jews and Parsis
# Portuguese
# Anglo-Indians
# Africans
o Regionalism
+ Telangana Movement
+ Jharkhand Movement
+ Uttarakhand
+ Gorkhaland
+ Ladakh
+ The Northeast
+ Outlook
* Social Systems
o Themes in Indian Society
+ Hierarchy
+ Purity and Pollution
+ Social Interdependence
o Family and Kinship
+ Family Ideals
+ Variations in Family Structure
+ Large Kinship Groups
+ Family Authority and Harmony
+ Veiling and the Seclusion of Women
+ Life Passages
# Children and Childhood
# Marriage
# Adulthood
# Death and Beyond
o Caste and Class
+ Varna, Caste, and Other Divisions
+ Intercaste Relations
+ Changes in the Caste System
+ Classes
+ The Fringes of Society
o The Village Community
+ Settlement and Structure
+ Village Unity and Divisiveness
o Urban Life
+ The Growth of Cities
+ Urban Inequities
+ Cities as Centers
o Future Trends
* Character and Structure of the Economy
o Structure of the Economy
+ Independence to 1979
+ Growth since 1980
+ Liberalization in the Early 1990s
o The Role of Government
+ Early Policy Developments
+ Antipoverty Programs
+ Development Planning
o Finance
+ Budget
+ Fiscal Administration
+ Monetary Process
o Foreign Economic Relations
+ Aid
+ Trade
+ Foreign-Exchange System
+ External Debt
o Labor
+ Size and Composition of the Work Force
+ Labor Relations
o Industry
+ Government Policies
+ Manufacturing
# Textiles
# Steel and Aluminum
# Fertilizer and Petrochemicals
# Electronics and Motor Vehicles
+ Construction
+ Energy
# Coal
# Oil and Natural Gas
# Electric Power
# Nuclear Power
+ Mining and Quarrying
o Transportation
+ Railroads
+ Rapid Transit
+ The Road System
+ Motor Vehicles
+ Ports, Maritime Transportation, and Inland Waterways
+ Civil Aviation
o Telecommunications
+ National Policy
+ Telephone
+ Radio
+ Television
o Tourism
o Science and Technology
+ Origin and Development
+ Infrastructure and Government Role
+ Resource Allocation
+ Major Research Organizations
# Agriculture
# Biotechnology
# Defense
# Education Institutions
# Information Science
# Industry
# Nuclear Power
# Space
# Other Leading Institutions
+ Prospects in Science and Technology
* Agriculture
o Land Use
+ Himalayas
+ Indo-Gangetic Plain
+ Peninsular India
o Land Tenure
+ Landholding Categories
+ Land Reform
o Economic Development
+ Evolution of Policy
+ Development Programs
# Research, Education, and Extension
# Agricultural Extension
# Irrigation
# Seeds
# Fertilizer
# Plant Protection and Pesticides
# Technology and Mechanization
# Price Policy and Terms of Trade
o Production
+ Crop Output
# Food-Grain Production
# Oilseeds
# Commercial Crops
+ The Green Revolution
o Livestock and Poultry
o Forestry
o Fishing
o Agricultural Credit
o Agricultural Taxation
o Marketing, Trade, and Aid
+ Marketing and Marketing Services
+ External Trade
+ External Aid
o Impact of Economic Reforms on Agriculture
* Government and Politics
o The Constitutional Framework
+ Fundamental Rights
+ Directive Principles of State Policy
+ Group Rights
+ Emergency Provisions and Authoritarian Powers
o The Structure of Government
+ The Legislature
# Lok Sabha
# Rajya Sabha
# Legislative Process
+ The Executive
+ The Judiciary
# Supreme Court
# High Courts
# Lower Courts
+ Election Commission
+ State Governments and Territories
+ Local Government
+ The Civil Service
o The Political Process
+ Elections
+ Political Parties
# The Congress
# Opposition Parties
# The Rise and Decline of "Janata Politics"
# The Bharatiya Janata Party and the Rise of Hindu Nationalism
# Communist Parties
# Regional Parties
# Caste-Based Parties
+ Political Issues
# Punjab and Jammu and Kashmir
# Hindu-Muslim Tensions
+ Corruption and the Anti-Establishment Vote
o The Media
+ The Press
+ Broadcast Media
o The Rise of Civil Society
* Chapter 9. Foreign Relations
o Foreign Policy Formulation
+ Role of the Prime Minister
+ Ministry of External Affairs
+ Other Government Organizations
+ The Role of Political and Interest Groups
o Determinants of Foreign Relations
+ Historical Legacy
+ Security Perceptions
+ Nonalignment
o Overview of Foreign Relations
+ South Asia
# Pakistan
# Bangladesh
# Sri Lanka
# Nepal
# Bhutan
# Maldives
+ China
+ Southeast Asia
+ Middle East
+ Central Asia
+ Russia
+ United States
+ Britain, Australia, Canada, Western Europe, and Japan
o Participation in International Organizations
+ United Nations
+ Commonwealth of Nations
+ Nonaligned Movement
+ South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation
* Chapter 10. National Security
o Colonial-Era Developments
+ Company Armies
+ The Indian Military under the British Raj
# Post-Sepoy Rebellion Reorganization
# "Martial Races" Theory
# Administrative Reform and World War I
# World War II
o Postindependence Developments
+ The National Forces
+ The Experience of Wars
# Pakistan
# China
+ Peacekeeping Operations
# Sri Lanka
# Maldives
# United Nations Peacekeeping Forces
o National Security Structure
+ Civil-Military Relations
+ Defense Spending
o Organization and Equipment of the Armed Forces
+ The Army
+ The Navy
+ The Air Force
+ Recruitment and Training
+ Conditions of Service
+ Uniforms, Ranks, and Insignia
+ Paramilitary and Reserve Forces
# Paramilitary Forces
# Reserve Forces
+ Space and Nuclear Programs
+ Intelligence Services
+ Military Justice
o Public Order and Internal Security
+ Military Role Expansion
+ Civil Liberties, Human Rights, and the Armed Forces
+ Insurgent Movements and External Subversion
# Kashmir
# Punjab
# Assam and the Northeast
o Law Enforcement
+ National-Level Agencies
+ State and Other Police Services
o The Criminal Justice System
+ Criminal Law and Procedure
+ The Penal System
o National Security Challenges
* Appendix. Tables
* Glossary